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to note that

  • 1 Usage note : that

    In French, determiners agree in gender and number with the noun they precede ; that is translated by ce + masculine singular noun ( ce monsieur), cet + masculine singular noun beginning with a vowel or mute ‘h’ ( cet homme) and cette + feminine singular noun ( cette femme) ; those is translated by ces.
    Note, however, that the above translations are also used for the English this (plural these). So when it is necessary to insist on that as opposed to another or others of the same sort, the adverbial tag -là is added to the noun:
    I prefer THAT version
    = je préfère cette version-là
    For particular usages, see the entry that.
    As a pronoun meaning that one, those ones
    In French, pronouns reflect the gender and number of the noun they are referring to. So that is translated by celui-là for a masculine noun, celle-là for a feminine noun and those is translated by ceux-là for a masculine noun and celles-là for a feminine noun:
    I think I like that one (dress) best
    = je crois que je préfère celle-là
    For other uses of that, those as pronouns (e.g. who’s that?) and for adverbial use (e.g. that much, that many) there is no straightforward translation, so see the entry that for examples of usage.
    When used as a relative pronoun, that is translated by qui when it is the subject of the verb and by que when it is the object:
    the man that stole the car
    = l’homme qui a volé la voiture
    the film that I saw
    = le film que j’ai vu
    Remember that in the present perfect and past perfect tenses, the past participle will agree
    with the noun to which que as object refers:
    the apples that I bought
    = les pommes que j’ai achetées
    When that is used as a relative pronoun with a preposition, it is translated by lequel when standing for a masculine singular noun, by laquelle when standing for a feminine singular noun, by lesquels when standing for a masculine plural noun and by lesquelles when standing for a feminine plural noun:
    the chair that I was sitting on
    = la chaise sur laquelle j’étais assise
    the children that I bought the books for
    = les enfants pour lesquels j’ai acheté les livres
    Remember that in cases where the English preposition used would normally be translated by à in French (e.g. to, at), the translation of the whole (prep + rel pron) will be auquel, à laquelle, auxquels, auxquelles:
    the girls that I was talking to
    = les filles auxquelles je parlais
    Similarly, where the English preposition used would normally be translated by de in French (e.g. of, from), the translation of the whole (prep + rel pron) will be dont in all cases:
    the Frenchman that I received a letter from
    = le Français dont j’ai reçu une lettre
    When used as a conjunction, that can almost always be translated by que (qu’ before a vowel or mute ‘h’):
    she said that she would do it
    = elle a dit qu’elle le ferait
    In certain verbal constructions, que is followed by a subjunctive in French. If you are in doubt about the construction to use, consult the appropriate verb entry. For particular usages see the entry that.

    Big English-French dictionary > Usage note : that

  • 2 note

    A n
    1 ( written record) note f ; to make a note in mettre une note dans [diary, notebook] ; to make a note of noter [date, address] ; to take note of lit, fig prendre note de ; take note! prenez note! ; to take notes [student, secretary] prendre des notes ; to speak without notes parler sans notes ; according to police notes selon le rapport de la police ;
    2 ( short letter) mot m ; to write sb a note écrire un mot à qn ; a note of thanks un mot de remerciement ;
    3 (explanation, annotation) (in book, on form) note f ; ( accompanying form) notice f ; ( on theatre programme) commentaire m ; see note below voir note ci-dessous ;
    4 fig ( tone) ton m ; to hit the right note trouver le ton juste ; to strike ou hit a wrong note commettre un impair ; on a less serious note en passant à un registre moins sérieux ; to end on an optimistic note se terminer sur une note d'optimisme ; to sound a note of caution émettre une mise en garde ;
    5 Mus (sound, symbol) note f ; to play ou hit a wrong note faire une fausse note ; a high/low note une note aiguë/basse ; the black notes ( on keyboard) les touches fpl noires ;
    6 ( tone) ( in voice) note f ; a note of panic une note de panique ; the engine took on a different note le bruit du moteur a changé ;
    7 ( banknote) billet m ; £500 in notes 500 livres en billets ; a £20 note un billet de 20 livres ;
    8 ( diplomatic memo) note f.
    B of note adj phr [person] éminent, réputé ; [development, contribution] digne d'intérêt.
    C vtr
    1 ( observe) noter [change, increase, similarity, absence] ; to note that noter que ; it is interesting to note that il est intéressant de noter que ; the report noted that dans le rapport on a noté or constaté que ; noting the improvements, the minister said… après avoir noté les améliorations, le ministre a dit… ; as I noted last week… comme je l'avais noté la semaine dernière… ;
    2 ( pay attention to) prendre bonne note de [comment, remarks, complaint, concern] ; it should be noted that il faut noter que ; note that she didn't mention him! note bien qu'elle ne l'a pas mentionné! ; aspiring managers, please note! managers en puissance, prenez-en de la graine ○ ! ;
    3 ( write down) noter [date, time, number, symptom] (in dans) ; ‘no change,’ he noted ‘aucun changement,’ a-t-il noté.
    D noted pp adj [intellectual, criminal] célèbre ; to be noted/not noted for être réputé/ne pas être réputé pour [tact, wit].
    to compare notes échanger ses impressions (with avec).
    ■ note down:
    ▶ note down [sth], note [sth] down noter [idea, detail].

    Big English-French dictionary > note

  • 3 note

    note [nəʊt]
    note ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (c), 1 (d), 1 (f), 1 (g), 1 (h) mot ⇒ 1 (b) billet (de banque) ⇒ 1 (e), 1 (i) ton ⇒ 1 (f) remarquer ⇒ 2 (a), 2 (c) noter ⇒ 2 (a), 2 (b) observer ⇒ 2 (c)
    1 noun
    (a) (record, reminder) note f;
    ∎ to take or to make notes prendre des notes;
    ∎ she spoke from/without notes elle a parlé en s'aidant/sans s'aider de notes;
    ∎ make a note of everything you spend notez toutes vos dépenses;
    ∎ figurative I must make a note to myself to ask her about it il faut que je pense à le lui demander;
    ∎ he made a mental note to look for it later il se promit de le chercher plus tard;
    ∎ they have no note of any such meeting ils n'ont aucune trace de cette réunion;
    ∎ figurative to compare notes échanger ses impressions;
    ∎ University lecture notes notes fpl (de cours)
    ∎ she left a note to say she'd call back later elle a laissé un mot pour dire qu'elle repasserait plus tard
    ∎ diplomatic note note f diplomatique;
    ∎ a doctor's or sick note un certificat ou une attestation du médecin (traitant); School un certificat (médical)
    (d) (annotation, commentary) note f, annotation f;
    ∎ notes in the margin notes fpl dans la ou en marge;
    ∎ editor's note note f de la rédaction;
    ∎ see note 6 voir note 6;
    ∎ programme notes notes fpl sur le programme
    (e) British (banknote) billet m (de banque);
    ∎ ten pound note billet m de dix livres
    (f) (sound, tone) ton m, note f; figurative (feeling, quality) note f;
    ∎ the piercing note of the siren le son strident de la sirène;
    ∎ there was a note of contempt in her voice il y avait du mépris dans sa voix;
    ∎ the meeting began on a promising note la réunion débuta sur une note optimiste;
    ∎ on a more serious/a happier note pour parler de choses plus sérieuses/plus gaies;
    ∎ the flowers add a note of colour les fleurs apportent une touche de couleur;
    ∎ her speech struck a warning note son discours était un signal d'alarme;
    ∎ to strike the right/a false note (speech) sonner juste/faux; (behaviour) être/ne pas être dans le ton;
    ∎ literary to sound the note of war parler de guerre
    (g) Music note f; British (piano key) touche f;
    ∎ to hit a high note sortir un aigu;
    ∎ the black notes les touches fpl noires
    (h) (notice, attention)
    ∎ to take note of sth prendre (bonne) note de qch
    ∎ (promissory) note, note of hand billet m à ordre
    (a) (observe, notice) remarquer, noter;
    ∎ he noted that the window was open il remarqua que la fenêtre était ouverte;
    ∎ we have noted several omissions nous avons relevé plusieurs oublis;
    ∎ note that she didn't actually refuse notez (bien) qu'elle n'a pas vraiment refusé;
    ∎ please note that payment is now due veuillez effectuer le règlement dans les plus brefs délais;
    ∎ it should be noted that… il est à noter que…
    (b) (write down) noter, écrire;
    ∎ I noted her address j'ai noté son adresse;
    ∎ all sales are noted in this book toutes les ventes sont enregistrées ou consignées dans ce carnet
    (c) (mention) (faire) remarquer ou observer;
    ∎ as I noted earlier comme je l'ai fait remarquer précédemment
    ∎ a musician of note un musicien éminent ou renommé;
    ∎ a musician of some note un musicien d'une certaine renommée;
    ∎ everyone of note was there tous les gens importants ou qui comptent étaient là;
    ∎ nothing of note has happened il ne s'est rien passé d'important, aucun événement majeur ne s'est produit;
    ∎ we have achieved little of note nous n'avons pas fait grand-chose d'important
    ►► Finance note issue émission f fiduciaire;
    note issue facility autorisation f d'émettre les billets de banque
    (write down) noter, écrire;
    ∎ I'd better note down your e-mail address je vais prendre votre adresse électronique

    Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > note

  • 4 note

    note [nəʊt]
    1. noun
       a. note f
       b. ( = informal letter) mot m
    • take a note to Mr Jones (to secretary) je vais vous dicter un mot pour M. Jones
    • just a quick note to tell you... juste un petit mot pour te dire...
       c. (Music) note f ; [of piano] touche f
       d. ( = tone) note f
    • on an optimistic/positive note sur une note optimiste/positive
    • on a personal/practical note d'un point de vue personnel/pratique
    • on a more positive note... pour continuer sur une note plus optimiste...
    • on a more serious note... plus sérieusement...
       e. ( = implication) note f
       f. (British) ( = banknote) billet m
       g. ( = notability) a man of note un homme éminent
       h. ( = notice) to take note of remarquer
       a. noter
       b. ( = notice) constater
    • I note that... je constate que...
    • note that... notez bien que...
    * * *
    [nəʊt] 1.
    1) gen note f; ( short letter) mot m

    to make a note of — noter [date, address]

    to take note of — lit, fig prendre note de

    2) fig

    to strike ou hit a wrong note — commettre un impair

    3) Music (sound, symbol) note f; ( piano key) touche f
    4) ( banknote) billet m
    2.
    of note adjectival phrase [person] éminent, réputé; [development, contribution] digne d'intérêt
    3.
    transitive verb gen noter; ( pay attention to) prendre bonne note de
    4.
    noted past participle adjective [intellectual, criminal] célèbre
    Phrasal Verbs:
    ••
    ••
    Dans la langue parlée ou familière, not utilisé avec un auxiliaire ou un modal prend parfois la forme n't qui est alors accolée au verbe (eg you can't go, he hasn't finished)

    English-French dictionary > note

  • 5 that

    A, dem adj (pl those) ce/cet/cette/ces ; that chair/that man over there cette chaise/cet homme là-bas ; I said THAT dress! j'ai dit cette robe-là! ; I prefer that colour to this one je préfère cette couleur-là à celle-ci ; not that one! pas celui-là! ; that same day ce même jour ; you can't do it that way tu ne peux pas le faire comme ça ; he went that way il est allé par là ; those patients (who are) able to walk les patients qui sont capables de marcher ; that train crash last year la collision ferroviaire qui a eu lieu l'an dernier ; that lazy son of yours/theirs ton/leur paresseux de fils ; that car of his is always breaking down sa fichue ○ voiture n'arrête pas de tomber en panne ; it's that Mr Jones from down the road c'est M. Jones qui habite en bas de la rue ; at that moment à ce moment-là ; at that time à cette époque-là.
    B dem pron (pl those)
    1 ( that one) celui-/celle-/ceux-/celles-là ; we prefer this to that nous préférons celui-ci à celui-là ; ‘which boys?’-‘those over there’ ‘quels garçons?’-‘ceux qui sont là-bas’ ; not this, THAT! pas celui-ci, celui-là! ; it's a more expensive wine than that produced by X c'est un vin plus cher que celui produit par X ;
    2 ( the thing or person observed or mentioned) cela, ça, ce ; what's that? qu'est-ce que c'est que ça? ; who's that? gen qui est-ce? ; ( on phone) qui est à l'appareil? ; is that John? c'est John? ; is that you John? c'est toi John? ; who told you that? qui t'a dit ça? ; that' s not true/fair ce n'est pas vrai/ juste ; that's what he said c'est ce qu'il a dit ; that's how/why he did it c'est comme ça/pour ça qu'il l'a fait ; what did he mean by that? qu'est-ce qu'il entendait par là? ; that's bureaucrats for you! c'est ça les bureaucrates! ; that's the man I was talking about/to voilà or c'est l'homme dont/auquel je parlais ; that's the house we used to live in voilà or c'est la maison dans laquelle on vivait ; those are the books I wanted voilà or ce sont les livres que je voulais ; before that, he had always lived in London avant cela, il avait toujours vécu à Londres ; he never went there again after that il n'y est jamais retourné après cela ; after that we had lunch après cela or ensuite, nous avons déjeuné ; I might just do that! c'est peut-être ce que je vais faire! ; he 's not as greedy as (all) that! il n'est pas si avare que ça! ;
    3 ( before relative pronoun) those who… ceux qui…
    C rel pron ( subject) qui ; ( object) que ; ( with preposition) lequel/laquelle/lesquels/lesquelles ; the woman that won la femme qui a gagné ; the book that I bought le livre que j'ai acheté ; the house that they live in la maison dans laquelle ils vivent ; the reason that I phoned la raison pour laquelle j'ai téléphoné ; the man that I received the letter from l'homme dont j'ai reçu la lettre ; the way that she works la façon dont elle travaille ; the day that she arrived le jour où elle est arrivée ; and fool that I am, I believed him et bête comme je suis, je l'ai cru.
    D conj
    1 gen que ; he said that he had finished il a dit qu'il avait fini ; it's likely that they are out il est probable qu'ils sont sortis ; it's important that they should realize il est important qu'ils se rendent compte que ; it's just that I'm a bit scared c'est simplement que j'ai un peu peur ;
    2 ( expressing wish) oh that I could fly! si je pouvais voler! ; oh that he would come s'il pouvait venir ; ( expressing surprise) that she should treat me so badly! comment peut-elle me traiter comme ça! ; that it should come to this! comment peut-on en arriver là!
    E adv
    1 ( to the extent shown) it's about that thick c'est à peu près épais comme ça ; he's that tall il est grand comme ça ; she's that much smaller than me elle est plus petite que moi de ça ; I can't do that much work in one day je ne peux pas faire autant de travail dans une journée ; he can't swim that far il ne peut pas nager aussi loin ; you're not that stupid tu n'es pas aussi bête que ça ;
    2 GB dial ( so very) tellement ; he was that ill that he had to go into hospital il était tellement malade qu'il a dû aller à l'hôpital.
    …and (all) that …et tout ça ; …and he's very nice at that! …et en plus il est très gentil! ; I might well go at that! en fait, je pourrais bien y aller! ; at that, he got up and left en entendant cela, il s'est levé et est parti ; with that he got up and left sur ce il s'est levé et est parti ; that is (to say)… c'est-à-dire… ; that's it! ( that's right) c'est ça! ; ( that's enough) ça suffit! ; I'll give you £10 but that's it! je te donnerai 10 livres sterling mais pas plus! ; I don't want to see you again and that's that! je ne veux pas te revoir point final or et il n'y a pas à discuter! ; well, that's it then! il n'y a rien de plus à faire!

    Big English-French dictionary > that

  • 6 note

    (a) (information, reminder) note f
    FINANCE note of hand billet m à ordre
    ∎ a ten-pound note un billet de dix livres
    FINANCE note issue émission f fiduciaire;
    note issue facility autorisation f d'émettre les billets de banque
    noter, remarquer; (error) relever; (fact) constater;
    ∎ you will note that there is an error in the account nous vous faisons remarquer qu'il s'est glissé une erreur dans le compte

    English-French business dictionary > note

  • 7 note

    [nəut] 1. noun
    1) (a piece of writing to call attention to something: He left me a note about the meeting.) note
    2) ((in plural) ideas for a speech, details from a lecture etc written down in short form: The students took notes on the professor's lecture.) notes
    3) (a written or mental record: Have you kept a note of his name?) note
    4) (a short explanation: There is a note at the bottom of the page about that difficult word.) note
    5) (a short letter: She wrote a note to her friend.) mot
    6) ((American bill) a piece of paper used as money; a bank-note: a five-dollar note.) billet
    7) (a musical sound: The song ended on a high note.) note
    8) (a written or printed symbol representing a musical note.) note
    9) (an impression or feeling: The conference ended on a note of hope.) note
    2. verb
    1) ((often with down) to write down: He noted (down) her telephone number in his diary.) noter
    2) (to notice; to be aware of: He noted a change in her behaviour.) remarquer
    •
    - notability - notably - noted - notelet - notebook - notecase - notepaper - noteworthy - noteworthiness - take note of

    English-French dictionary > note

  • 8 Usage note : her

    When used as a direct object pronoun, her is translated by la (l’ before a vowel). Note that the object pronoun normally comes before the verb in French and that, in compound tenses like perfect and past perfect, the past participle agrees with the pronoun:
    I know her
    = je la connais
    I’ve already seen her
    = je l’ai déjà vue
    In imperatives, the direct object pronoun is translated by la and comes after the verb:
    catch her!
    = attrape-la!
    (note the hyphen)
    When used as an indirect object pronoun, her is translated by lui:
    I’ve given her the book
    = je lui ai donné le livre
    I’ve given it to her
    = je le lui ai donné
    In imperatives, the indirect object pronoun is translated by lui and comes after the verb:
    phone her
    = téléphone-lui
    give them to her
    = donne-les-lui
    (note the hyphens)
    After prepositions and after the verb to be the translation is elle:
    he did it for her
    = il l’a fait pour elle
    it’s her
    = c’est elle
    When translating her as a determiner ( her house etc.) remember that in French possessive adjectives, like most other adjectives, agree in gender and number with the noun they qualify ; her is translated by son + masculine singular noun ( son chien), sa + feminine singular noun ( sa maison) BUT son + feminine noun beginning with a vowel or mute ‘h’ ( son assiette), and ses + plural noun ( ses enfants).
    For her used with parts of the body ⇒ The human body.

    Big English-French dictionary > Usage note : her

  • 9 Usage note : may

    When may (or may have) is used with another verb in English to convey possibility, French will generally use the adverb peut-être ( perhaps) with the equivalent verb:
    it may rain
    = il pleuvra peut-être
    we may never know what happened
    = nous ne saurons peut-être jamais ce qui s’est passé
    he may have got lost
    = il s’est peut-être perdu
    Alternatively, and more formally, the construction il se peut que + subjunctive may be used: il se peut qu’il pleuve ; il se peut que nous ne sachions jamais. For particular usages, see 1 in the entry may1.
    peut-être is also used in French to convey concession:
    he may be slow but he’s not stupid
    = il est peut-être lent mais il n’est pas bête
    you may think I’m crazy but …
    = tu penses peut-être que je suis fou mais…
    When may is used to convey permission, the French equivalent is pouvoir:
    you may close the door
    = vous pouvez fermer la porte
    Note that the polite question may I…? is translated by puis-je…?:
    may I make a suggestion?
    = puis-je faire une suggestion?
    For particular usages, see 2 in the entry may1.
    When may is used in rather formal English to convey purpose in the construction in order that + may, the French equivalent is pour que + subjunctive:
    in order that he may know
    = pour qu’il sache
    When may is used with another verb to express a wish, the French uses que + subjunctive:
    may they be happy!
    = qu’ils soient heureux!
    long may it last!
    = que ça dure!
    When may well + verb is used to convey likelihood, the French uses il est fort possible que + subjunctive:
    he may well have gone elsewhere
    = il est fort possible qu’il soit allé ailleurs
    But note:
    that may well be but…
    = c’est possible mais…
    In the phrase may as well, may is used interchangeably with might, which is more frequently used. For translations see the entry might1.

    Big English-French dictionary > Usage note : may

  • 10 Usage note : which

    In questions
    When which is used as a pronoun in questions it is translated by lequel, laquelle, lesquels or lesquelles according to the gender and number of the noun it is referring to:
    there are three peaches, which do you want?
    = il y a trois pêches, laquelle veux-tu?
    ‘Lucy’s borrowed three of your books’ ‘which did she take?’
    = ‘Lucy t’a emprunté trois livres’ ‘lesquels a-t-elle pris?’
    The exception to this is when which is followed by a superlative adjective, when the translation is quel, quelle, quels or quelles:
    which is the biggest (apple)?
    = quelle est la plus grande?
    which are the least expensive (books)?
    = quels sont les moins chers?
    In relative clauses as subject or object
    When which is used as a relative pronoun as the subject of a verb, it is translated by qui:
    the book which is on the table
    = le livre qui est sur la table
    the books which are on the table
    = les livres qui sont sur la table
    When which is the object of a verb it is translated by que (qu’ before a vowel or mute ‘h’):
    the book which Tina is reading
    = le livre que lit Tina
    Note the inversion of subject and verb ; this is the case where the subject is a noun but not where the subject is a pronoun:
    the book which I am reading
    = le livre que je lis
    In compound tenses such as the present perfect and past perfect, the past participle agrees in gender and number with the noun que is referring to:
    the books which I gave you
    = les livres que je t’ai donnés
    the dresses which she bought yesterday
    = les robes qu’elle a achetées hier
    In relative clauses after a preposition
    Here the translation is lequel, laquelle, lesquels or lesquelles according to the gender and number of the noun referred to:
    the road by which we came or the road which we came by
    = la route par laquelle nous sommes venus
    the expressions for which we have translations
    = les expressions pour lesquelles nous avons une traduction
    Remember that if the preposition would normally be translated by à in French (to, at etc.), the preposition + which is translated by auquel, à laquelle, auxquels or auxquelles:
    the addresses to which we sent letters
    = les adresses auxquelles nous avons envoyé des lettres
    With prepositions normally translated by de (of, from etc.) the translation of the preposition which becomes dont:
    a blue book, the title of which I’ve forgotten
    = un livre bleu dont j’ai oublié le titre
    However, if de is part of a prepositional group, as for example in the case of près de meaning near, the translation becomes duquel, de laquelle, desquels or desquelles:
    the village near which they live
    = le village près duquel ils habitent
    the houses near which she was waiting
    = les maisons près desquelles elle attendait
    The translation duquel etc. is also used where a preposition + noun precedes of which:
    a hill at the top of which there is a house
    = une colline au sommet de laquelle il y a une maison
    As a determiner
    In questions
    When which is used as a determiner in questions it is translated by quel, quelle, quels or quelles according to the gender and number of the noun that follows:
    which car is yours?
    = quelle voiture est la vôtre?
    which books did he borrow?
    = quels livres a-t-il empruntés?
    Note that in the second example the object precedes the verb so that the past participle agrees in gender and number with the object.
    For translations of which as a determiner in relative clauses see B2 in the entry which.

    Big English-French dictionary > Usage note : which

  • 11 Usage note : you

    In English you is used to address everybody, whereas French has two forms: tu and vous. The usual word to use when you are speaking to anyone you do not know very well is vous. This is sometimes called the polite form and is used for the subject, object, indirect object and emphatic pronoun:
    would you like some coffee?
    = voulez-vous du café?
    can I help you?
    = est-ce que je peux vous aider?
    what can I do for you?
    = qu’est-ce que je peux faire pour vous?
    The more informal pronoun tu is used between close friends and family members, within groups of children and young people, by adults when talking to children and always when talking to animals ; tu is the subject form, the direct and indirect object form is te (t’ before a vowel) and the form for emphatic use or use after a preposition is toi:
    would you like some coffee?
    = veux-tu du café?
    can I help you?
    = est-ce que je peux t’aider?
    there’s a letter for you
    = il y a une lettre pour toi
    As a general rule, when talking to a French person use vous, wait to see how they address you and follow suit. It is safer to wait for the French person to suggest using tu. The suggestion will usually be phrased as on se tutoie? or on peut se tutoyer?
    Note that tu is only a singular pronoun and vous is the plural form of tu.
    Remember that in French the object and indirect object pronouns are always placed before the verb:
    she knows you
    = elle vous connaît or elle te connaît
    In compound tenses like the present perfect and the past perfect, the past participle agrees in number and gender with the direct object:
    I saw you on Saturday
    (to one male: polite form)
    = je vous ai vu samedi
    (to one female: polite form)
    = je vous ai vue samedi
    (to one male: informal form)
    = je t’ai vu samedi
    (to one female: informal form)
    = je t’ai vue samedi
    (to two or more people, male or mixed)
    = je vous ai vus samedi
    (to two or more females)
    = je vous ai vues samedi
    When you is used impersonally as the more informal form of one, it is translated by on for the subject form and by vous or te for the object form, depending on whether the comment is being made amongst friends or in a more formal context:
    you can do as you like here
    = on peut faire ce qu’on veut ici
    these mushrooms can make you ill
    = ces champignons peuvent vous rendre malade or ces champignons peuvent te rendre malade
    you could easily lose your bag here
    = on pourrait facilement perdre son sac ici
    Note that your used with on is translated by son/sa/ses according to the gender and number of the noun that follows.
    For verb forms with vous, tu and on see the French verb tables.
    For particular usages see the entry you.

    Big English-French dictionary > Usage note : you

  • 12 Usage note : them

    When used as a direct object pronoun, referring to people, animals or things, them is translated by les:
    I know them
    = je les connais
    Note that the object pronoun normally
    comes before the verb in French and that in compound tenses like the present perfect and past perfect, the past participle agrees in gender and number with the direct object pronoun:
    He’s seen them
    ( them being masculine or of mixed gender)
    = il les a vus
    ( them being all feminine gender)
    = il les a vues
    In imperatives, the direct object pronoun is translated by les and comes after the verb:
    catch them!
    = attrape-les! (note the hyphen)
    When used as an indirect object pronoun, them is translated by leur:
    I gave them it or I gave it to them
    = je le leur ai donné
    In imperatives, the indirect object pronoun is translated by leur and comes after the verb:
    phone them!
    = téléphone-leur! (note the hyphen)
    After prepositions and the verb to be, the translation is eux for masculine or mixed gender and elles for feminine gender:
    he did it for them
    = il l’a fait pour eux or pour elles
    it’s them
    = ce sont eux or ce sont elles
    For particular usages see the entry them.

    Big English-French dictionary > Usage note : them

  • 13 Usage note : as

    When as is used as a preposition or a conjunction to mean like it is translated
    by comme:
    dressed as a sailor
    = habillé comme un marin
    as usual
    = comme d’habitude
    as often happens
    = comme c’est souvent le cas
    As a conjunction in time expressions, meaning when or while, as is translated by comme:
    as she was coming down the stairs
    = comme elle descendait l’escalier
    However, where a gradual process is involved, as is translated by au fur et à mesure que:
    as the day went on, he became more anxious
    = au fur et à mesure que la journée avançait il devenait plus inquiet
    As a conjunction meaning because, as is translated by comme or puisque:
    as he is ill, he can’t go out
    = comme il est malade or puisqu’il est malade, il ne peut pas sortir
    When used as an adverb in comparisons, as…as is translated by aussi…que:
    he is as intelligent as his brother
    = il est aussi intelligent que son frère
    But see category J in the entry as for as much
    as and as many as.
    Note also the standard translation used for fixed similes:
    as strong as an ox
    = fort comme un bœuf
    as rich as Croesus
    = riche comme Crésus
    Such similes often have a cultural equivalent rather than a direct translation. To find translations for English similes, consult the entry for the second element.
    When as is used as a preposition to indicate a person’s profession or position, it is translated by comme:
    he works as an engineer
    = il travaille comme ingénieur
    Note that the article a/an is not translated.
    When as is used with a preposition to mean in my/his capacity as, it is translated by en tant que:
    as a teacher I believe that…
    = en tant qu’enseignant je crois que…
    For more examples, particular usages and phrases like as for, as from, as to etc. see the entry as.

    Big English-French dictionary > Usage note : as

  • 14 Usage note : it

    When it is used as a subject pronoun to refer to a specific object (or animal) il or elle is used in French according to the gender of the object referred to:
    ‘where is the book/chair?’ ‘it’s in the kitchen’
    = ‘où est le livre/la chaise?’ ‘il/elle est dans la cuisine’
    ‘do you like my skirt?’ ‘it’s lovely’
    = ‘est-ce que tu aimes ma jupe?’ ‘elle est très jolie’
    However, if the object referred to is named in the same sentence, it is translated by ce (c’ before a vowel):
    it’s a good film
    = c’est un bon film
    When it is used as an object pronoun it is translated by le or la (l’ before a vowel) according to the gender of the object referred to:
    it’s my book/my chair and I want it
    = c’est mon livre/ma chaise et je le/la veux
    Note that the object pronoun normally comes before the verb in French and that in compound tenses like the perfect and the past perfect, the past participle agrees with it:
    I liked his shirt - did you notice it?
    = j’ai aimé sa chemise - est-ce que tu l’as remarquée? or l’as-tu remarquée?
    In imperatives only, the pronoun comes after the verb:
    it’s my book - give it to me
    = c’est mon livre - donne-le-moi (note the hyphens)
    When it is used vaguely or impersonally followed by an adjective the translation is ce (c’ before a vowel):
    it’s difficult
    = c’est difficile
    it’s sad
    = c’est triste
    But when it is used impersonally followed by an adjective + verb the translation is il:
    it’s difficult to understand how…
    = il est difficile de comprendre comment …
    If in doubt consult the entry for the adjective in question.
    For translations for impersonal verb uses (it’s raining, it’s snowing) consult the entry for the verb in question.
    it is used in expressions of days of the week (it’s Friday) and clock time (it’s 5 o’clock). This dictionary contains usage notes on these and many other topics. For other impersonal and idiomatic uses see the entry it.
    When it is used after a preposition in English the two words (prep + it) are often translated by one word in French. If the preposition would normally be translated by de in French (e.g. of, about, from etc.) the prep + it = en:
    I’ve heard about it
    = j’en ai entendu parler
    If the preposition would normally be translated by à in French (e.g. to, in, at etc.) the prep + it = y:
    they went to it
    = ils y sont allés
    For translations of it following prepositions not normally translated by de or à (e.g. above, under, over etc.) consult the entry for the preposition.

    Big English-French dictionary > Usage note : it

  • 15 Usage note : will

    When will is used to express the future in French, the future tense of the French verb is generally used:
    he’ll come
    = il viendra
    In spoken and more informal French or when the very near future is implied, the present tense of aller + infinitive can be used:
    I’ll do it now
    = je vais le faire tout de suite
    If the subject of the modal auxiliary will is I or we, shall is sometimes used instead of will to talk about the future. For further information, consult the entry shall in the dictionary.
    Note that would and should are treated as separate entries in the dictionary.
    Tag questions
    French has no direct equivalent of tag questions like won’t he? or will they? There is a general tag question n’est-ce pas? which will work in many cases:
    you’ll do it tomorrow, won’t you?
    = tu le feras demain, n’est-ce pas?
    In cases where an opinion is being sought, non? meaning is that not so? can be useful:
    that will be easier, won’t it?
    = ce sera plus facile, non?
    In many other cases the tag question is simply not translated at all and the speaker’s intonation will convey the implied question.
    Short answers
    Again, there is no direct equivalent for short answers like no she won’t, yes they will etc. Where the answer yes is given to contradict a negative question or statement, the most useful translation is si:
    ‘they won’t forget’ ‘yes they will’
    = ‘ils n’oublieront pas’ ‘si’ or (for more emphasis) bien sûr que si
    Where the answer no is given to contradict a positive question or statement, the most useful translation is bien sûr que non:
    ‘she’ll post the letter, won’t she?’ ‘no she won’t’
    = ‘elle va poster la lettre?’ ‘bien sûr que non’
    In reply to a standard enquiry the tag will not be translated:
    ‘you’ll be ready at midday then?’ ‘yes I will’
    = ‘tu seras prêt à midi?’ ‘oui’
    For more examples and other uses, see the entry will.

    Big English-French dictionary > Usage note : will

  • 16 Usage note : your

    For a full note on the use of the vous and tu forms in French, see the entry you.
    In French, determiners agree in gender and number with the noun they qualify. So your, when addressing one person, is translated by votre, or more familiarly ton, + masculine singular noun ( votre chien or ton chien), by votre or ta + feminine singular noun ( votre maison or ta maison) and by vos or tes + plural noun ( vos enfants or tes enfants). Note that ton is used with a feminine noun beginnning with a vowel or mute ‘h’ ( ton adresse).
    When addressing more than one person, the translation is votre + singular noun and vos + plural noun. When your is stressed, à vous or à toi is added after the noun:
    your house
    = votre maison à vous
    When used impersonally to mean one’s, your is translated by son, sa or ses when you is translated by on:
    you buy your tickets at the door
    = on prend ses billets à l’entrée
    The translation after an impersonal verb in French is son, sa, ses:
    you have to buy your tickets at the door
    = il faut prendre ses billets à l’entrée
    Note, however, the following:
    sweets are bad for your teeth
    = les bonbons sont mauvais pour les dents
    your average student
    = l’étudiant moyen
    For your used with parts of the body ⇒ The human body.

    Big English-French dictionary > Usage note : your

  • 17 Usage note : since

    In time expressions
    since is used in English after a verb in the present perfect or progressive present perfect tense to indicate when something that is still going on started. To express this French uses a verb in the present tense + depuis:
    I’ve been waiting since Saturday
    = j’attends depuis samedi
    I’ve lived in Rome since 1988
    = j’habite à Rome depuis 1988
    When since is used after a verb in the past perfect tense, French uses the imperfect + depuis:
    I had been waiting since nine o’clock
    = j’attendais depuis neuf heures
    In negative time expressions
    Again since is translated by depuis, but in negative sentences the verb tenses used in French are the same as those used in English:
    I haven’t seen him since Saturday
    = je ne l’ai pas vu depuis samedi
    I hadn’t seen him since 1978
    = je ne l’avais pas vu depuis 1978
    As a conjunction
    In time expressions
    When since is used as a conjunction, it is translated by depuis que and the tenses used in French parallel exactly those used with the preposition depuis (see above):
    since she’s been living in Oxford
    = depuis qu’elle habite à Oxford
    since he’d been in Paris
    = depuis qu’il était à Paris
    Note that in time expressions with since French native speakers will generally prefer to use a noun where possible when English uses a verb:
    I haven’t seen him since he left
    = je ne l’ai pas vu depuis son départ
    she’s been living in Nice since she got married
    = elle habite à Nice depuis son mariage
    For particular usages see the entry since.
    Meaning because
    When since is used to mean because, it is translated by comme or étant donné que:
    since she was ill, she couldn’t go
    = comme elle était malade or étant donné qu’elle était malade, elle ne pouvait pas y aller
    As an adverb
    When since is used as an adverb it is translated by depuis:
    he hasn’t been seen since
    = on ne l’a pas vu depuis
    For particular usages see C in the entry since.

    Big English-French dictionary > Usage note : since

  • 18 Usage note : when

    when can very often be translated by quand in time expressions:
    when did she leave?
    = quand est-ce qu’elle est partie? or elle est partie quand? or quand est-elle partie?
    Note that in questions quand on its own requires inversion of the verb and subject:
    when are they arriving?
    = quand arrivent-ils?
    but when followed by est-ce que needs no inversion: quand est-ce qu’ils arrivent?
    Occasionally a more precise time expression is used in French:
    when’s your birthday?
    = quelle est la date de ton anniversaire?
    when did he set off?
    = à quelle heure est-il parti?
    Remember that the future tense is used after quand if future time is implied:
    tell him when you see him
    = dis-le-lui quand tu le verras
    It is often possible to give a short neat translation for a when clause if there is no change of subject in the sentence:
    when I was very young, I lived in Normandy
    = tout jeune, j’habitais en Normandie
    when he was leaving, he asked for my address
    = en partant, il m’a demandé mon adresse
    In expressions such as the day when, the year when, où is used:
    the day when we got married
    = le jour où nous nous sommes mariés
    For examples of the above and further uses of when, see the entry when.

    Big English-French dictionary > Usage note : when

  • 19 Usage note : go

    go as a simple intransitive verb is translated by aller:
    we’re going to Paris
    = nous allons à Paris
    where are you going?
    = où vas-tu?
    Sasha went to London last week
    = Sasha est allée à Londres la semaine dernière
    Note that aller conjugates with être in compound tenses. For the conjugation of aller see the French verb tables. For more examples and particular usages see the entry go. The verb go produces a great many phrasal verbs in English (go up, go down, go out, go back etc.). Many of these are translated by a single verb in French (monter, descendre, sortir, retourner etc.). The phrasal verbs are listed separately at the end of the entry go.
    As an auxiliary verb
    When go is used as an auxiliary to show intention, it is also translated by aller:
    I’m going to buy a car tomorrow
    = je vais acheter une voiture demain
    I was going to talk to you about it
    = j’allais t’en parler
    he’s not going to ask for a rise
    = il ne va pas demander d’augmentation
    For more examples and particular usages see A23 in the entry go.
    For all other uses see the entry go.

    Big English-French dictionary > Usage note : go

  • 20 Usage note : let

    When let is used in English with another verb in order to make a suggestion (let’s do it at once), the first person plural - ons of the appropriate verb can generally be used to express this in French: faisons-le tout de suite. (Note that the verb alone translates let us do and no pronoun appears in French.)
    In the spoken language, however, which is the usual context for such suggestions, French speakers will use the much more colloquial on + present tense or si on + imperfect tense:
    let’s do it at once
    = on le fait tout de suite? or si on le faisait tout de suite?
    let’s go to the cinema tonight
    = si on allait au cinéma ce soir?
    let’s go!
    = allons-y! or on y va!
    These translations can also be used for negative suggestions:
    let’s not take or don’t let’s take the bus - let’s walk
    = on ne prend pas le bus, on y va à pied or ne prenons pas le bus, allons-y à pied
    For more examples and particular usages see A1 in the entry let1.
    When let is used in English with another verb to express defiance or a command (just let him try!) French uses the structure que + present subjunctive:
    just let him try!
    = qu’il essaie!
    don’t let me see you here again!
    = que je ne te revoie plus ici!
    For more examples and particular usages see A2 in the entry let1.
    When let is used to mean allow, it is generally translated by the verb laisser. For examples and particular usages see A3 in the entry let1.
    For translations of expressions such as let fly, let loose, let slip etc., consult the entry for the second word (fly, loose, slip etc.).

    Big English-French dictionary > Usage note : let

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